这项研究旨在实现两个目标:第一个目标是策划一个大型且信息丰富的数据集,其中包含有关球员的行动和位置的关键和简洁的摘要,以及在专业和NCAA中排球的来回旅行模式Div-i室内排球游戏。尽管几项先前的研究旨在为其他运动创建类似的数据集(例如羽毛球和足球),但尚未实现为室内排球创建这样的数据集。第二个目标是引入排球描述性语言,以充分描述游戏中的集会过程并将语言应用于我们的数据集。基于精选的数据集和我们的描述性运动语言,我们使用我们的数据集介绍了三项用于自动化排球行动和战术分析的任务:(1)排球拉力赛预测,旨在预测集会的结果,并帮助球员和教练改善决策制定决策在实践中,(2)设置类型和命中类型预测,以帮助教练和球员更有效地为游戏做准备,以及(3)排球策略和进攻区统计,以提供高级排球统计数据,并帮助教练了解游戏和对手的策略更好的。我们进行了案例研究,以展示实验结果如何为排球分析社区提供见解。此外,基于现实世界数据的实验评估为我们的数据集和语言的未来研究和应用建立了基准。这项研究弥合了室内排球场与计算机科学之间的差距。
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由于患病患者经常患贫血或凝血病,因此血液产物的输血是重症监护病房(ICU)的经常干预。但是,医生做出的不当输血决定通常与并发症的风险增加和医院成本更高有关。在这项工作中,我们旨在开发一种决策支持工具,该工具使用可用的患者信息来对三种常见的血液产品(红细胞,血小板和新鲜的冷冻血浆)进行输血决策。为此,我们采用了单批批处理增强学习(RL)算法,即离散的批处理约束Q学习,以确定观察到的患者轨迹的最佳动作(输血)。同时,我们考虑了不同的国家表示方法和奖励设计机制,以评估其对政策学习的影响。实验是在两个现实世界中的重症监护数据集上进行的:MIMIC-III和UCSF。结果表明,关于输血的政策建议通过准确性和对模拟III数据集的加权重要性评估进行了与真实医院政策的可比匹配。此外,数据筛选UCSF数据集的转移学习(TL)和RL的组合可以在准确性方面可提供高达$ 17.02%的提高,而跳跃和渐近性绩效提高了18.94%和21.63%加权重要性采样在三个输血任务上平均。最后,对输血决策的模拟表明,转移的RL政策可以将患者估计的28天死亡率降低2.74%,而UCSF数据集的敏锐度率降低了1.18%。
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大型现代数据往往涉及评估和测试高维未知参数。所希望的是识别稀疏信号,``针在草堆“”,具有精度和错误发现控制。然而,在现代数据结构的空前复杂性和异质性需要新的机器学习工具来有效地利用共性和稳健地调整既稀疏和异质性。此外,对于高维参数的估计往往缺乏量化的不确定性。在本文中,我们提出了一个新颖的穗和 - 非参数混合物之前(SNP) - 尖峰,以促进稀疏和非参数结构,以捕获信号。在对比状态的最先进的方法中,所提出的方法解决了估计和在与几个优点一次测试的问题:1)精确稀疏估计; 2)的点估计与收缩/阈值处理软特性; 3)对于不确定性量化可信区间; 4)最佳的多个测试程序,其控制错误发现率。我们的方法表现出有前途的两个模拟数据和基因表达的案例研究经验性能。
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Aspect or query-based summarization has recently caught more attention, as it can generate differentiated summaries based on users' interests. However, the current dataset for aspect or query-based summarization either focuses on specific domains, contains relatively small-scale instances, or includes only a few aspect types. Such limitations hinder further explorations in this direction. In this work, we take advantage of crowd-sourcing knowledge on Wikipedia.org and automatically create a high-quality, large-scale open-domain aspect-based summarization dataset named OASum, which contains more than 3.7 million instances with around 1 million different aspects on 2 million Wikipedia pages. We provide benchmark results on OAsum and demonstrate its ability for diverse aspect-based summarization generation. To overcome the data scarcity problem on specific domains, we also perform zero-shot, few-shot, and fine-tuning on seven downstream datasets. Specifically, zero/few-shot and fine-tuning results show that the model pre-trained on our corpus demonstrates a strong aspect or query-focused generation ability compared with the backbone model. Our dataset and pre-trained checkpoints are publicly available.
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The primary aim of this research was to find a model that best predicts which fallen angel bonds would either potentially rise up back to investment grade bonds and which ones would fall into bankruptcy. To implement the solution, we thought that the ideal method would be to create an optimal machine learning model that could predict bankruptcies. Among the many machine learning models out there we decided to pick four classification methods: logistic regression, KNN, SVM, and NN. We also utilized an automated methods of Google Cloud's machine learning. The results of our model comparisons showed that the models did not predict bankruptcies very well on the original data set with the exception of Google Cloud's machine learning having a high precision score. However, our over-sampled and feature selection data set did perform very well. This could likely be due to the model being over-fitted to match the narrative of the over-sampled data (as in, it does not accurately predict data outside of this data set quite well). Therefore, we were not able to create a model that we are confident that would predict bankruptcies. However, we were able to find value out of this project in two key ways. The first is that Google Cloud's machine learning model in every metric and in every data set either outperformed or performed on par with the other models. The second is that we found that utilizing feature selection did not reduce predictive power that much. This means that we can reduce the amount of data to collect for future experimentation regarding predicting bankruptcies.
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We introduce a new benchmark dataset, Placenta, for node classification in an underexplored domain: predicting microanatomical tissue structures from cell graphs in placenta histology whole slide images. This problem is uniquely challenging for graph learning for a few reasons. Cell graphs are large (>1 million nodes per image), node features are varied (64-dimensions of 11 types of cells), class labels are imbalanced (9 classes ranging from 0.21% of the data to 40.0%), and cellular communities cluster into heterogeneously distributed tissues of widely varying sizes (from 11 nodes to 44,671 nodes for a single structure). Here, we release a dataset consisting of two cell graphs from two placenta histology images totalling 2,395,747 nodes, 799,745 of which have ground truth labels. We present inductive benchmark results for 7 scalable models and show how the unique qualities of cell graphs can help drive the development of novel graph neural network architectures.
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事件参数提取(EAE)在句子级别进行了很好的研究,但在文档级别进行了探索。在本文中,我们研究以捕获实际上分布在文档中的句子的事件论点。先前的工作主要假设对丰富的文档监督的完全访问,而忽略了该论点监督在文档中受到限制的事实。为了填补这一空白,我们基于最大的文档级事件提取数据集DOCEE提出了几个示波的文档级事件参数提取基准。我们首先定义了新问题,并通过新颖的N-Way-D-Doc采样而不是传统的NWay-K-shot策略来重建语料库。然后,我们将高级文档级神经模型调整为几个弹出设置,以在内部和跨域设置下提供基线结果。由于参数提取取决于多个句子的上下文,并且学习过程仅限于很少的示例,因此我们发现该任务在实质上较低的性能中非常具有挑战性。考虑到很少有Docae与低资源制度下的实际使用密切相关,我们希望这种基准能够朝着这一方向发展进行更多的研究。我们的数据和代码将在线提供。
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这项研究提出了新的策略,以研究信任和群体动态在儿童机器人相互作用中的相互影响。我们使用类人机器人ICUB实施了类似游戏的实验活动,并设计了一份问卷来评估孩子如何看待这种相互作用。我们还旨在验证传感器,设置和任务是否适合研究此类方面。问卷的结果表明,年轻人将ICUB视为朋友,通常以积极的方式将ICUB视为朋友。其他初步结果表明,通常,孩子在活动期间信任ICUB,并且在其错误后,他们试图用诸如:“不用担心ICUB,我们原谅您”之类的句子来放心。此外,对机器人在小组认知活动中的信任似乎会根据性别而发生变化:在机器人连续两个错误之后,女孩倾向于比男孩更信任ICUB。最后,跨游戏计算的点和自我报告的量表之间的不同年龄组之间没有明显的差异。我们提出的工具适合研究不同年龄段的人类机器人相互作用(HRI)的信任,并且似乎适合理解小组相互作用的信任机制。
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自我监督学习(SSL)通过利用不需要标签的借口任务来学习有用的归纳偏见。 SSL的未标记性质使得对整个幻灯片组织病理学图像(WSIS)尤为重要,在该图片级的人类注释很难。蒙面自动编码器(MAE)是一种适合数字病理学的SSL方法,因为它不需要阴性采样,并且几乎不需要数据增加。但是,自然图像和数字病理图像之间的域移动需要进一步研究贴片级WSIS的MA​​E。在本文中,我们研究了组织病理学中MAE的几种设计选择。此外,我们引入了一个多模式MAE(MMAE),该MAE(MMAE)利用了苏木精和曙红(H&E)染色的WSI的特定组成性。我们在公共补丁级数据集NCT-CRC-HE-100K上进行了实验。结果表明,MMAE架构的表现优于监督基线和其他最先进的SSL技术,用于八类组织表型任务,仅利用100个标记的样品进行微调。我们的代码可从https://github.com/wisdomikezogwo/mmae_pathology获得
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神经网络具有充当通用函数近似器的能力,但它们不可解释,并且在其训练区域之外也不能概括。在尝试将标准神经普通微分方程(神经ODE)应用于动态系统时,这两个问题都是有问题的。我们介绍了多项式神经ODE,这是神经ode框架内部的深层神经网络。我们证明了多项式神经ODE的能力,可以预测训练区域外部,并在没有其他工具(例如Sindy)的情况下进行直接符号回归。
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